- ANTIGENIC RESPONSE OF A LIVE ATTENUATED VACCINE OF STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS ISOLATED FROM BUFFALO MASTITIC MILK IN RABBITS
- PREVALENCE OF WARBLE FLY INFESTATION IN BUFFALO IN CHAKWAL, PUNJAB
- PREVALENCE OF MASTITIS AND ANTIBIOTIC SENSITIVITY OF BACTERIAL ISOLATES RECOVERED FROM NILI-RAVI BUFFALO
- POST SURGICAL COMPLICATION FACED BY STUDENTS DURING LARGE ANIMAL SURGERY
FARM & HEALTH
ANTIGENIC RESPONSE OF A LIVE ATTENUATED VACCINE OF STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS ISOLATED FROM BUFFALO MASTITIC MILK IN RABBITS
A.A.Farooq1, M.M.Aziz1, M.Hassan1, G.Muhammad2, S.Inayat3
ABSTRACT
The study was undertaken to prepare and evaluate the antigenic response of experimental live attenuated live attenuated staphylococcus aureus vaccine Isolated from buffalo mastitic milk in rabbits. Staphylococcus aureus used for the preparation of vaccine was Gram+ve cocci, non motile, catalase and coagulase positive and gave complete haemolysis on 5% sheep blood agar. A total of 30 rabbits were divided into 3 groups, A,B and C each having 10 animals. Group a was given single injection of vaccine, group B was vaccinated twice at two weeks interval while group C was kept as control. Serum samples were collected from 3 rabbits selected randomly from each group at weekly interval. From day 0 to 6 weeks post vaccination, antigenic response was evaluated trough anticiagulase, antihaemolysin and bacterial agglutination tests which showed that antigenic response was highly positive at day 21 in group A and B while same was in group B at 28 day of post vaccination. The anticoagulase and antihaemolysin tests results were positive.
Key words: Staphylococcus aureus, Live attenuated vaccine, Antigenic response
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PREVALENCE OF WARBLE FLY INFESTATION IN BUFFALO IN CHAKWAL, PUNJAB
M. Hasan1, M. N. Khan2, M. Mushtaq1, Z. Iqbal2, A. A. Farooq1, M.S.Sajid2 and H.M. Waheed1
ABSTRACT
Parasitism is the major problem affecting livestock in many parts of the world. Amongst these parasitic problems, the warble fly infestation (hypodermosis) is a notorious and common malady of cattle, buffalo, sheep and goat in Pakistan. The disease is endemic in cattle, buffalo, sheep and goats in semi-hilly and mountainous areas of Pakistan. Keeping in view the importance of buffaloes an epidemiological survey was conducted to find the prevalence of hypodermosis in district Chakwal, Punjab, Pakistan, during the year 2005-2006. Buffaloes are mainly kept for milk purpose in the study area. Out of 2000 buffaloes examined clinically, for grub infestation in the study area 125 (6.25%) and 37 (5.20%) found to be positive for the warble fly infestation in slaughter house as well as in the field. A prevalence variation among the male and female animals was also observed during the study. The factors of climatic conditions favour the fly activity and contribute in the onset of disease.
Key Words: Warble fly, Buffaloes, Slaughter House, Chakwal (Punjab)
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PREVALENCE OF MASTITIS AND ANTIBIOTIC SENSITIVITY OF BACTERIAL ISOLATES RECOVERED FROM NILI-RAVI BUFFALO
A.A. Farooq, M.S.Akhtar , M. Mushtaq
Buffalo Research Institute Pattoki District Kasur.
ABSTRACT
Mastitis is one of the most costly diseases of dairy animals. Bacteria constitute the most common etiological agents of mastitis. The present study was designed to determine the prevalence of mastitis in buffaloes and to determine the susceptibility to various antibiotics. Milk samples collected from buffaloes maintained at Livestock Experimental Station Bhunikey were subjected to screening by using Surf Field Mastitis Test. The samples found positive were cultured on culture media such as Blood agar, Maconkey’s agar, Staphylococcus medium No. 110 and Nutrient agar. The Isolated organisms were identified and subjected to 8 commonly used antibiotics for determination of antibiotic sensitivity during period of 6 months (Jan-June, 2007) Eight hundred milk samples from buffaloes were tested for mastitis out of which 75 (9.32%) were found positive. Staphylococcus aurous was the most frequently isolated pathogen (44%) followed by Streptococcus agalactiae (22%) E.coli (16%) bacillus spp. (4%) and mixed growth (14%).
Norfloxacin, Gentamycine and Choramphenocol were found most effective drugs among the 8 antibiotics tested in vitro.
POST SURGICAL COMPLICATION FACED BY STUDENTS DURING LARGE ANIMAL SURGERY
A.A.Farooq and C.S.Hayat*
Buffalo Research Institute, Pattoki, District Kasur.
Gomal College of Veterinary Sciences, Gomal University, D.I. Khan, Pattoki
ABSTRACT
One hundred and fifty three surgical complications were recorded in retrospective study of operations carried out in the student’s large animal surgical laboratories in the department of clinical sciences, Gomal College of Veterinary Sciences, Gomal University D.I.Khan, Pakistan during the years 2003 to 2006. Wound infection (22.5%), wound dehiscence (20%), hemorrhage (15%) and septicemia (15%) were the commonest complications observed. Other complications included, slipped loigature, intestinal obstruction, edema, myasis and death. Castration, opening of guttural pouch, entrotomy and dehorning resulted in higher number of complications. Interviews from students conducted through questionnaires revealed that the animals with poor nutritional and health status, poor use of surgical instruments and septic surgical procedures were some of the factors that led to high incidence of complications. Management of complication entailed the use of systemic antibiotic treatment of surgical site as and open wound. Recommendations are made to avert occurrence of post surgical complications during the surgical practices adapted by students in large animal surgery.
Key words: Surgical complications, student practical, donkey, goat. |
